Phases of Matter

Liquid

Liquids have a fixed volume but take the shape of their container, with particles that can move past each other.

Liquid Molecules

In liquids, molecules are closely packed together but not in a fixed structure. They move freely and randomly, allowing them to flow and take the shape of their container. The intermolecular forces keep molecules relatively close, but weak enough to permit movement.

Properties of Liquids

• Fixed Volume: Liquids maintain a constant volume regardless of container shape.
• Variable Shape: They conform to the shape of their container.
• Particle Movement: Molecules move freely, allowing liquids to flow.
• Density: Generally denser than gases but less dense than solids.
• Incompressibility: Liquids are difficult to compress due to close molecular packing.
• Surface Tension: Molecules at the surface experience stronger intermolecular forces.